Women’s Political Participation and Representation in Decision-Making Within the Kaduna State Civil Service, Nigeria: Implications for Democratic Governance and Gender Equality

Abstract

Women’s political participation and representation in decision-making structures remain central issues in contemporary governance and gender equality discourse. Despite global advocacy for gender inclusiveness, women’s representation in political and administrative institutions in Nigeria remains relatively low. Studies indicate that women constitute a significant proportion of the electorate and contribute meaningfully to socio-economic development, yet their participation in leadership and decision-making positions remains marginal (Aina, 2013; Anifowose, 2010). Evidence shows that women occupy less than 10% of key political and legislative positions in Nigeria due to socio-cultural barriers, patriarchal structures, economic limitations and institutional discrimination. This study examines women’s political participation and representation in decision-making within the Kaduna State Civil Service and evaluates its implications for democratic governance and gender equality. The study adopted a mixed-methods approach using questionnaires and interviews administered to a population sample of 65 women working in the Kaduna State civil service. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Findings indicate that cultural norms, limited access to political networks, financial constraints, and institutional barriers significantly influence women’s participation in political and administrative decision-making. The study concludes that strengthening gender equality policies, promoting political awareness, and enhancing women’s access to leadership opportunities are essential for improving democratic governance in Nigeria.